Investigation of the motor grader

A motor grader is a construction machine that has a long sheet metal used to level land, also has rippers for hard surfaces, which can be placed in front, in the middle of the front axle and the blade or the back, calling in this If ripper.

Generally they have three axes: the cab and engine are located on the back, on the two tractors axes and the third axis is located in the front of the machine, the dozer blade between the front axle being located, and two rear axles. In some countries such as Finland, most motor graders are equipped with a second blade, located in front of the front axle.

The main purpose of the bulldozer is leveling land, and refine slopes. One of the characteristics which give great versatility of this machine is that it is capable of refining slopes with different inclinations. The work of the bulldozer usually complement the previously performed by other construction machinery such as excavators and bulldozers.

The most common work of motor grader are:

• Paving a row of material discharged by truck and subsequent leveling.
• Refining esplanades
• Reprofiling of slopes.
• Excavation and conservation reprofiling of ditches on earth.
• Service and maintenance.

Components motor grader

• 1.     Foot of moldboard:
  It is the foremost end of the blade in relation to the direction of travel. It is generally the end which is closest to the front wheels of the machine.
  2.     Slip the blade moldboard:
  It is the rearmost blade relative to the running direction end. It is generally the end which is closest to the wheels tandem machine.
  3.     Twist of the circle:
  It Allows 360 degree rotation of the circle and moldboard to adjust the angle of the blade to the material or application features. The angle of the blade is very important because it allows the material to roll along it, increasing productivity Grader.
  Normally, a bulldozer moves the material back and forth in the area being leveled, instead of pushing it forward. This displacement of material by rolling from side to side of the sheet to its side discharge, requires less engine power if I had to be pushed. To get this rolling action must simultaneously make use of more of the possibilities of the machine, as the rotation of the circle, the lateral displacement of the drawbar and tilt moldboard. (It is available as an option of an adjustable slip clutch to protect the circle drive the high horizontal forces occurring in applications.

4.   Moldboard:

Standard moldboard with replaceable end bits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,658 mm x 635 mm x 22 mm (12 "x 25" x 7/8 ").

Blade material: high carbon steel SAE 1050.

Edge: In all tempered boron steel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 mm x 16 mm (6 "x 5/8")

Spacing bolts :. . . . . . . . . . . 152 mm (6 ").

Bolt size. . . . . . . . . . . . 16 mm (5/8 ").

Steel 1050

Thanks to the good penetration temple that has this steel is suitable for machine parts that must withstand high longitudinal and transverse forces, but continuous impacts.

Boron steel

Boron does increase the hardenability when the steel is fully deoxidized. A small amount of boron, (0.001%) have a marked effect on the hardening of steel, as it also combines with carbon to form carbides that give the steel hard coating characteristics.

Quenching and tempering:

By giving carbon steel quenching and tempering very good characteristics are achieved when the profile is slim. In a well-tempered steel or carbon tempering, the value of yield strength tends to become 75% of the breaking load.

(Dimensions with standard moldboard)

LEFT RIGHT

Reach outside tires - articulated frame................ 3,048 mm (120.0 ") ....... 3,035 mm (119.5")

Reach outside tires - straight frame................... 2,019 mm (79.5 ") .......... 2,007 mm (79.0")

Slipped.......... sheet 673 mm (26.5 ") ............. 673 mm (26.5")

Lateral displacement.......... circle 775 mm (30.5 ") ............. 749 mm (29.5")

Maximum angle of slope inclination .................................... .......... 90 .90º

Distance leaf ground .................... 445 mm (17.5 ")

Depth of cut leaf ........ 813 mm (32.0 ")

Hydraulic tilt. sheet ............ .; 44th adel 6.5 ° back

The great mobility of the blade allows for digging ditches and steep outer avalanches form outside overall machine width angles.

5.   Frame:

The frame or chassis is the metallic element that supports all the mechanisms that carry a bulldozer.

6.   Front Axle

The front wheels support a long beam bridge which hangs moldboard. In some types of machines the beam is attached by a pivot to the rear frame to permit rotation in a small circle, better handling, and allows the frame advance angle relative to the direction of travel while maintaining the parallel wheels. In other union it is rigid and steering control is only possible in the front axle. The design allows the wheels: (a) is inclined about 18 ° to each side of the vertical to resist lateral thrust when, for example, works moldboard inclined position, and (b) work at different levels to shape gutters, cambers, and other similar tasks. The combination of both devices enables management to control without excessive concentration by the driver, freeing your attention for moldboard.

Type: welded steel armor robot, with gussets to increase torsional stiffness. Oscillates in one central pivot pin 80 mm (3.15 ") in diameter.

Camber. . . . . . . . . . . . 18 (D. and I.)

Oscillation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16th (up and down)

Height above the ground. . . . . . . . 610 mm (24.0 ")

One tilt cylinder wheels 102mm (4 ") diameter with lock valve is standard equipment. As an option offered two

Cylinders camber of 76 mm (3 ") diameter valve lock.

7.   The motor

The engine meets with exhaust emission standards EPA Tier II and EU Stage II. The engine cooling system is designed with unique facilities and cooler uses a very efficient fan and variable speed hydraulically driven.

8.   Powertrain:

It is the one that transmits engine power to the wheels which easily move in this are various components which are very common in heavy machinery systems.

9.   Hydraulic system:

The hydraulic system is powered by a type of hydraulic oil which is replaced according mantenimieto schedules.

The motor grader hydraulic systems are more complex, since the grader has a granvariedad of these:

Higraulico turning system.

Hydraulic system of the blade.

Hydraulic system of rotation of the circle.

scarifier hydraulic system.

Hydraulic system of the inclination of the blade

Hydraulic brake system.